Michigan
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| LGBT rights in Michigan | |
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 Michigan (USA) |
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| Same-sex sexual activity legal? | Legal since 1990 in Wayne County (Michigan Organization for Human Rights v. Kelley) Legal statewide since 2003 (Lawrence v. Texas) |
| Gender identity/expression | Altering sex on birth certificate requires sex reassignment surgery |
| Recognition of relationships |
None |
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Restrictions:
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Michigan State Proposal – 04-2 limits marriage to man/woman, places restrictions on non-marriage types of same-sex unions |
| Adoption | Joint adoption illegal |
| Discrimination protections | Within Government employment only (see below) |
The Michigan constitution bans same-sex marriage and places restrictions towards the forming of same-sex unions.
Contents |
[edit] Laws against same-sex intimate contact
Sexual acts between persons of the same sex are legal in Michigan. They had been criminalized until the state's sodomy laws, which applied to both homosexuals and heterosexuals, were invalidated in 2003 by the United States Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas.
[edit] Recognition of same-sex relationships
In 2004, voters approved a constitutional amendment, Michigan State Proposal – 04-2, that banned same-sex marriage and civil unions in the state. It passed with 58.6% of the vote. The Michigan Supreme Court later ruled that public employers in Michigan would not be legally allowed to grant domestic partnership benefits based on the recently passed measure.[1]
Two lesbians, both nurses, who are raising three children adopted by only one of them, filed a lawsuit in federal court in January 2012 seeking to have the state's ban on adoption by same-sex couples overturned.[2] At an August hearing on the state's motion to dismiss the suit, U.S. District Court Judge Bernard A. Friedman called the state's ban on same-sex marriage "the underlying issue" and gave the plaintiffs ten days amend their suit to challenge that as well,[3] which they did on September 7.[4] On March 7, 2013, after hearing arguments in the case, DeBoer v. Snyder, Friedman announced that he would delay ruling pending the outcome of two same-sex marriage cases now before the U.S. Supreme Court.[5]
[edit] Discrimination protections
Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity is prohibited in government employment, but there are no other state-wide protections. The cities of Ann Arbor, Dearborn Heights,[6] Detroit, Douglas,[6] East Lansing, Ferndale, Grand Rapids, Huntington Woods, Kalamazoo, Lansing, Mount Pleasant,[7] Muskegon,[8] Saugatuck, Traverse City, Ypsilanti, Saugatuck and Union[9] have local laws that prohibit anti-LGBT discrimination.[10] Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation only is also banned in Flint[11] and Grand Ledge.[6]
[edit] Hate crimes
Sexual orientation is recognized for data collection about hate crimes in Michigan. According to two gay rights groups, anti-gay hate crimes had a 133% increase in 2008.[12]
[edit] Adoption
Michigan has no statutory ban on same-sex couples adopting, however state courts have ruled that unmarried individuals may not jointly petition to adopt.[13]
In December 2012, the Michigan Court of Appeals ruled that the state's adoption code permits second parent adoptions by same-sex couples.[14]
Two Michigan lesbians, who are raising three children adopted by only one of them, filed a lawsuit in federal court in January 2012 seeking to have the state's ban on adoption by same-sex couples overturned.[15] and in September amended that suit to challenge the state's ban on same-sex marriage as well.[16]
[edit] Public opinion
A June 2009 poll showed a substantial shift in opinions towards the legal recognition of same-sex unions in Michigan, with 63.7% of residents supporting civil unions for same-sex couples and 46.5% of residents supporting full marriage rights for same-sex couples.[17]
A July 2011 Public Policy Polling survey found that 33% of Michigan voters thought that same-sex marriage should be legal, while 53% thought it should be illegal and 14% were not sure. A separate question on the same survey found that 62% of Michigan voters supported the legal recognition of same-sex couples, with 29% supporting same-sex marriage, 33% supporting civil unions but not marriage, 35% favoring no legal recognition and 3% not sure.[18]
Nearly a year later, in May 2012, a Public Policy Polling survey found that 41% of Michigan voters thought that same sex marriage should be legal, while 45% thought it should be illegal and 14% were not sure. A separate question on the same survey found that 70% of Michigan voters supported the legal recognition of same-sex couples, with 39% supporting same-sex marriage, 31% supporting civil unions but not marriage, 27% favoring no legal recognition and 3% not sure.[19]
A November 2012 Michigan State University poll found support for gay marriage in Michigan had increased significantly. The survey found that 56 percent of the state’s residents supported gay marriage while 39 percent opposed it.[20]
[edit] See also
| Thank You |
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 |
| LGBT Wikipedians |
| ...... |
| Some content in this article from Wikipedia's WikiProject LGBT studies |
| The Wikipedia article is Michigan |
| ...... |
| Special thank you to participants of Wikipedia's WikiProject LGBT studies! |
- Politics of Michigan
- LGBT history in Michigan
- LGBT rights in the United States
- Rights and responsibilities of marriages in the United States
[edit] References
- ↑ Michigan domestic partnerships
- ↑ "Michigan adoption ban for unmarried couples being challenged in court today". Detroit News. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Ferretti, Christine (29 August 2012). "Judge tells couple to consider challenging state's gay marriage ban". Detroit News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Ferretti, Christine (7 September 2012). "Hazel Park women challenge Michigan's marriage amendment". Detroit News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ "No immediate ruling on Michigan's 2004 gay marriage ban". Lansing State Journal. March 7, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Manwell, Annette (June 18, 2011). "Holland could face long battle over human rights changes". The Holland Sentinel. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
- ↑ "Ordinance No. 973". City of Mount Pleasant. Retrieved August 20, 2012. "The City intends that no individual be denied the equal protection of the laws; nor shall any person be denied the enjoyment of his or her civil rights or be discriminated against because of his or her [...] sexual orientation or gender identity."
- ↑ Alexander, Dave (March 12, 2012). "Lesbian-gay anti-discrimination policy accepted by Muskegon City Commission". Michigan Live LLC. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
- ↑ "Union Township adopts 'human rights' law". The Morning Sun. October 12, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
- ↑ Statewide Employment Laws & Policies
- ↑ Proxmire, Crystal A. (January 10, 2013). "Non Discrimination Ordinances Spread Equality City by City". Between the Lines. Retrieved January 14, 2013.
- ↑ Rights group says anti-gay crimes in Michigan rose 133%
- ↑ "Arkansas Supreme Court strikes down adoption ban". Kenn News Service. April 7, 2011. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
- ↑ "ACLU Praises Appeals Court Decision on Same-Sex Second-Parent Adoption, December 13, 2012". ACLU. Retrieved March 4, 2013.
- ↑ "Michigan adoption ban for unmarried couples being challenged in court today". Detroit News. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Ferretti, Christine (7 September 2012). "Hazel Park women challenge Michigan's marriage amendment". Detroit News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Opinions on same-sex marriage shifting in Michigan
- ↑ Public Policy Polling: "MI against gay marriage, for Democrats on legislative ballot," August 10, 2011, accessed August 11, 2011
- ↑ "Support for gay marriage climbing in Michigan". Public Policy Polling. Retrieved 6/1/2012.
- ↑ "Support for gay marriage grows in Michigan". Michigan State University. Retrieved 11/19/12.
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[edit] MAP Equality Map
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[edit] Organizations
[edit] LGBT organizations[edit] LGBT foundations[edit] LGBT youth organizations[edit] LGBT community centers
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[edit] Higher education LGBT resource offices
[edit] Ally organizations with LGBT project(s)[edit] Anti-LGBT Industry |
[edit] References
| Thank You |
|---|
|
| LGBT Wikipedians |
| ...... |
| Some content in this article from Wikipedia's WikiProject LGBT studies |
| The Wikipedia article is LGBT rights in Michigan |
| ...... |
| Special thank you to participants of Wikipedia's WikiProject LGBT studies! |
- ↑ Michigan domestic partnerships
- ↑ "Michigan adoption ban for unmarried couples being challenged in court today". Detroit News. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Ferretti, Christine (29 August 2012). "Judge tells couple to consider challenging state's gay marriage ban". Detroit News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Ferretti, Christine (7 September 2012). "Hazel Park women challenge Michigan's marriage amendment". Detroit News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ "No immediate ruling on Michigan's 2004 gay marriage ban". Lansing State Journal. March 7, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Manwell, Annette (June 18, 2011). "Holland could face long battle over human rights changes". The Holland Sentinel. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
- ↑ "Ordinance No. 973". City of Mount Pleasant. Retrieved August 20, 2012. "The City intends that no individual be denied the equal protection of the laws; nor shall any person be denied the enjoyment of his or her civil rights or be discriminated against because of his or her [...] sexual orientation or gender identity."
- ↑ Alexander, Dave (March 12, 2012). "Lesbian-gay anti-discrimination policy accepted by Muskegon City Commission". Michigan Live LLC. Retrieved March 13, 2012.
- ↑ "Union Township adopts 'human rights' law". The Morning Sun. October 12, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
- ↑ Statewide Employment Laws & Policies
- ↑ Proxmire, Crystal A. (January 10, 2013). "Non Discrimination Ordinances Spread Equality City by City". Between the Lines. Retrieved January 14, 2013.
- ↑ Rights group says anti-gay crimes in Michigan rose 133%
- ↑ "Arkansas Supreme Court strikes down adoption ban". Kenn News Service. April 7, 2011. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
- ↑ "ACLU Praises Appeals Court Decision on Same-Sex Second-Parent Adoption, December 13, 2012". ACLU. Retrieved March 4, 2013.
- ↑ "Michigan adoption ban for unmarried couples being challenged in court today". Detroit News. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Ferretti, Christine (7 September 2012). "Hazel Park women challenge Michigan's marriage amendment". Detroit News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
- ↑ Opinions on same-sex marriage shifting in Michigan
- ↑ Public Policy Polling: "MI against gay marriage, for Democrats on legislative ballot," August 10, 2011, accessed August 11, 2011
- ↑ "Support for gay marriage climbing in Michigan". Public Policy Polling. Retrieved 6/1/2012.
- ↑ "Support for gay marriage grows in Michigan". Michigan State University. Retrieved 11/19/12.
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